11/22/2010

Announcements- Lab Test tomorrow.

Homework- Do the analysis questions from today's lab. Look over your labs to study for the test.

In class today we did the Polarity Olympics lab.

-Part one- Solubility.

In this part of the lab, we want to see if hexane, ethanol, pentanol, methanol, butanol, and acetone mix with water.

~This is what it looks like if it does not mix with water. There is a split between the different solutions.

After we do this, We see if it mixes immediately. If it does not mix we have to put a stopper on the test tube, shake it, and then see if it mixes then.

-Hexane- Does not mix immediately, Does not mix after shaking.

-Ethanol- mixes immediately, It stays mixed after shaking.

-Pentanol- Does not mix immediately, Does mix after shaking.

-Methanol- Does not mix immediately, Does mix after shaking.

-Butanol- Does not mix immediately, Does mix after shaking.

-Acetone- mixes immediately, Stays mixed after shaking.

-Part two- Volatility and Surface Tension

In this part of the lab we want to see which solution spreads faster and which solution evaporates the fastest. What we do is we put a drop of each liquid on the lab table and see which one spreads more and which one evaporates faster. 7th being spreads out the least and evaporates the slowest.

Liquid Spreading rank Evaporating rank

-water 7 7

-hexane 1 2

-ethanol 5 4

-pentanol 6 3

-methanol 4 5

-butanol 3 6

-acetone 2 1

The liquids that spread out more are non polar and the liquids that spread out the least are polar because the atrraction is has on the solution gets the solution closer together and holds it together more. Also if something is more polar, then it will evaporate the slowest because sticks more together to the table. That is why hexane evaporates faster, it is because it is non polar and there is no attraction to it that holds it down and together.

The next scriber will be Mahak =]

October 6, 2010

Electron Configuration
In class today we learned more about how to find the electron configuration of a nuetral atom. The point of electron configuration is to find the location of the electron.

Shapes of Orbitals
There are four different shapes of orbitals
1) S-one orientation-holds 2 electrons
2)P-three orientations-holds 6 electrons
3)D-five orientations-holds 10 electrons
4)F-seven orientations-holds 14 electrons


The S block always starts as 1S
The P block always starts with 2P
The D block always starts with 3D
The F block always starts with 4F

EXAMPLE 1: If the electron configuration of a neutral atom is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 then....
a)How many electrons does it have?
18 electrons
(there are two ways in how to find this)

1. Add all of the second numbers together (2+2+6+2+6)
2. Look at the last electron configuration, which is 3p6, and find it on your periodic table.

b)How many protons does this atom have?
18 protons
(Since this is a neutral atom, the electrons and the protons are the same amount)

c)Write the symbol for this atom
Ar
(You can find this on your periodic table)

EXAMPLE 2: Lets say you need to write the electron configuration of Bi (Bismuth). You have to start with 1s2 and end with 6p3(which is where bismuth is located) The way to find write the in between atoms is to read the periodic table from left to right.
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p2.

Orbital Diagram

Each half arrow represents how many atoms are in that row.
ALWAYS PUT ONE HALF ARROW FIRST IN EACH BOX BEFORE PUTTING THE SECOND HALF ARROW IN IT.

Ionic Electron Configuration
To write the ionic electron configuration is same as usual. Except for example if they want you to write the electron configuration of O-2, then you have to find where O is, which is 2p4, and go forward 2 because you are gaining 2 more electrons, which is 2p6 and is the atom Ne (Neon)

IN CLASS
We did pages 6, 7 and some of 11 of electron configuration.

REMINDERS
Webassigns are due on Friday. Test is on Friday.

HOMEWORK
Page 8 of electron configuration.